{"id":682,"date":"2025-08-19T12:35:59","date_gmt":"2025-08-19T12:35:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/soledad.pencidesign.net\/soledad-time-magazine\/the-trump-administration-just-did-something-unambiguously-good-for-obamacare-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c\/"},"modified":"2025-09-22T14:39:21","modified_gmt":"2025-09-22T14:39:21","slug":"esq-haqqinda-adam-phillips","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cogito.az\/index.php\/2025\/08\/19\/esq-haqqinda-adam-phillips\/","title":{"rendered":"E\u015fq haqq\u0131nda | Adam Phillips"},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px; text-align: right;\"><em>El\u0259 insanlar var ki, e\u015fq haqq\u0131nda he\u00e7 bir \u015fey e\u015fitm\u0259s\u0259ydil\u0259r, \u0259sla a\u015fiq olmazd\u0131lar. <\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px; text-align: right;\"><strong>La Rochefoucauld<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Seks ail\u0259d\u0259n qopmaq dem\u0259kdirs\u0259, e\u015fq d\u0259 qay\u0131tmaqd\u0131r; h\u0259r zaman bir qay\u0131d\u0131\u015f s\u0259f\u0259ri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn al\u0131nan t\u0259kt\u0259r\u0259fli bir biletdir. \u015e\u0259xsi m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259r sah\u0259sind\u0259 ba\u015f ver\u0259n bu m\u00f6c\u00fcz\u0259, psixoanaliz bax\u0131m\u0131ndan, ilk duy\u011fusal t\u0259sirl\u0259nm\u0259l\u0259rin n\u0259tic\u0259sidir. B\u00fct\u00fcn zehni \u0259hat\u0259 edib t\u0259siri alt\u0131na alan bu durum, ke\u00e7mi\u015fin \u0259srar\u0259ngiz i\u015far\u0259l\u0259ridir. Ya\u015fan\u0131lan bu yeni t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259 &#8211; bel\u0259 d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259l\u0259ri m\u00fcmk\u00fcn q\u0131lan \u2013 u\u015faql\u0131\u011fa dair bilgi v\u0259 arzular\u0131 \u0259hat\u0259 edir. A\u015fiq oldu\u011fumuzda, a\u015fiq olma\u011f\u0131 xat\u0131rlay\u0131r\u0131q. \u00d6z\u00fcm\u00fczl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 bu ilk hafiz\u0259 bi\u00e7iml\u0259rini yenid\u0259n \u0259ld\u0259 etm\u0259kl\u0259 d\u0259 t\u0259x\u0259yy\u00fcl qabiliyy\u0259timizi inki\u015faf etdiririk.<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Lakin \u0259g\u0259r a\u015fiq olmaq h\u0259r zaman bir xat\u0131rlad\u0131c\u0131d\u0131rsa, Freud`a g\u00f6r\u0259 bir imkans\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 xat\u0131rlad\u0131r. \u201cU\u015faql\u0131qda e\u015fq s\u0259rh\u0259d bilm\u0259z\u201d dey\u0259 yaz\u0131r Freud, \u201ct\u0259kc\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fc sahib olma\u011f\u0131 t\u0259l\u0259b edir, \u2018ham\u0131s\u0131\u2019ndan daha az\u0131 il\u0259 yetinm\u0259z. Ancaq ikinci bir x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259ti d\u0259 vard\u0131r: \u018fslind\u0259 bir h\u0259d\u0259fi yoxdur v\u0259 tam bir doyum \u0259ld\u0259 ed\u0259 bilm\u0259z; \u0259sas\u0259n d\u0259 s\u0131rf buna g\u00f6r\u0259 h\u0259r zaman m\u0259yus olma\u011fa m\u0259hkumdur.\u201d Doyumsuzlu\u011fa, sonsuz bir m\u0259hrumiyy\u0259t\u0259 dair bu hekay\u0259 art\u0131q bizi t\u0259\u0259cc\u00fcb\u0259 &#8211; v\u0259 d\u0259h\u015f\u0259t\u0259 &#8211; d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr; modern bir \u00fclvil\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259dir e\u015fq v\u0259 Lacques Lacan`\u0131n parodi s\u0259viyy\u0259sind\u0259ki ifad\u0259si il\u0259 sahib olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bir \u015fey var olmayan birin\u0259 verm\u0259kdir. Halbuki burada Freud`un u\u015faqla ba\u011fl\u0131 t\u0259sviri onun \u015f\u0259xsi Faust yorumudur: Goethe`nin yenid\u0259n yaratd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu q\u0259hr\u0259man Freud`un ana dilind\u0259 \u201cdahi\u201dliyin simvoludur v\u0259 bu \u0259fsan\u0259vi \u015f\u0259xs\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, bilgi il\u0259 arzu eyni m\u0259nal\u0131d\u0131r; bu ikisinin eynil\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259sind\u0259n, iki aras\u0131ndak\u0131 raz\u0131la\u015fmadan sad\u0259c\u0259 \u00f6l\u00fcm hasil olar. Lakin \u0259sas olaraq Platon`un yaratd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu qar\u0131\u015f\u0131m, y\u0259ni \u2013 sanki e\u015fq v\u0259 bilgi bir t\u0259r\u0259ziy\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259 bil\u0259n m\u0259\u015f\u011fuliyy\u0259tl\u0259rmi\u015f kimi \u2013 sev\u0259n il\u0259 bil\u0259nin bir-birin\u0259 qar\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 h\u0259r ikisinin d\u0259 \u00f6n\u00fcn\u0259 imkans\u0131z i\u015fl\u0259r \u00e7\u0131xarar. Dem\u0259k olar ki h\u0259r ikisi d\u0259 bu ikisind\u0259n birini h\u0259yata ke\u00e7ir\u0259 bilm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ikisini bird\u0259n ger\u00e7\u0259kl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259k m\u0259cburiyy\u0259tind\u0259dir. Bu hekay\u0259d\u0259 m\u0259hr\u0259mlik, m\u00fcst\u0259sna (ya da qibt\u0259 edil\u0259c\u0259k) bir bilgidir. M\u0259\u015fhur formulasiyas\u0131nda, psixoanalist Lacan deyir: bilm\u0259si g\u00f6zl\u0259nil\u0259n t\u0259r\u0259fdir; ard\u0131nca dediyi t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcr edil\u0259c\u0259yi kimi, sevm\u0259si laz\u0131m olan t\u0259r\u0259f deyildir. Bilm\u0259nin sevm\u0259kd\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259l g\u0259ldiyi v\u0259 ya onu ehtiva etdiyi q\u0259bul edilir (Sonralar Lacan bel\u0259 dey\u0259c\u0259kdir: \u201cM\u0259nim bildiyimi g\u00f6zl\u0259dikl\u0259ri \u015fey, sevdiyim \u015feydir.\u201d Bu yen\u0259 d\u0259 f\u0259rqli bir \u015feydir.) Sevm\u0259k, ist\u0259m\u0259k \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 t\u0259rif edildikd\u0259, ist\u0259y\u0259c\u0259k bir \u015fey tapmal\u0131y\u0131q v\u0259 bu da bilginin m\u0259nb\u0259yi olmas\u0131 g\u00f6zl\u0259nil\u0259n \u015feydir. B\u0259zi filosoflar, psixoanalistl\u0259r v\u0259 \u015fairl\u0259rin m\u0259nims\u0259diyi ad\u0259t\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, a\u015fiq olmaq bir n\u00f6v d\u0259lilikdir, \u00e7\u00fcnki (buna ba\u015fqa s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259r d\u0259 sadalanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r) q\u0259tilik v\u0259 \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259\u00e7ilik aras\u0131ndak\u0131 h\u0259r c\u00fcr f\u0259rqi t\u0259miri imkans\u0131z bir \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 ironikl\u0259\u015fdirir.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cTransfer\u201d, \u201cbasd\u0131rma\u201d, \u201cfeti\u015fizm\u201d, \u201cnarsisizm\u201d, \u201cdi\u015filik m\u00fc\u0259mmas\u0131\u201d: psixoanalizin b\u00fct\u00fcn bu a\u00e7ar qavramlar\u0131, psixoanalizd\u0259 e\u015fqin bir bilgi problemi oldu\u011funu t\u0259sdiql\u0259yir. A\u015fiq insan x\u0259fiyy\u0259 kimidir: M\u0259nal\u0131 bir f\u0259rqlilik yaradacaq bir \u015fey tapmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Psixoanalizin e\u015fq haqq\u0131nda anlatd\u0131\u011f\u0131 hekay\u0259l\u0259r d\u0259 m\u00fcdrikliyin \u0259ld\u0259 edilm\u0259si x\u00fcsusunda, birba\u015fa ir\u0259lil\u0259y\u0259n \u0259n\u0259n\u0259vi t\u0259hkiy\u0259ni t\u0259sdiql\u0259yir (m\u00fcdriklik, h\u0259r zaman erotizmin ziddi olan bir \u015feydir). \u018fvv\u0259ld\u0259 icad etm\u0259k x\u00fcsusunda a\u015fiql\u0259r \u00e7ox m\u0259hsuldard\u0131r, bir-biril\u0259ri haqq\u0131nda (ke\u00e7mi\u00e7d\u0259n \u0259ld\u0259 edil\u0259n) valehedici yan\u0131lsamalar yaradarlar h\u0259r zaman v\u0259 h\u0259qiq\u0259tl\u0259 \u00fczl\u0259\u015fdikc\u0259 bu x\u0259yallar pozular. E\u015fq adlanan d\u0259lilik, bel\u0259 dem\u0259k uy\u011fundursa, qurumsal v\u0259 prinsipial olan qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda (ya da xaricind\u0259) bir duru\u015fdan ba\u015flay\u0131b q\u0259ti fikirl\u0259rin qayalar\u0131na mindirm\u0259kl\u0259 ba\u015fa \u00e7atan bir s\u0259f\u0259rdir. Ba\u015fqa s\u00f6zl\u0259 psixoanaliz, a\u015fiq olma\u011f\u0131n, birini tan\u0131maq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ideal bir yol olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 fikrini q\u0259bul edir (\u0259ksi is\u0259 dey\u0259k ki, tamamil\u0259 ba\u015fqa bir \u015f\u0259kild\u0259, sonrak\u0131 hadis\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 z\u0259d\u0259l\u0259nm\u0259y\u0259c\u0259k \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u0259kdir). Onun yerin\u0259, psixoanaliz biz\u0259 m\u0259yuslu\u011fun romans\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259qdim edir; buna g\u00f6r\u0259 (b\u0259z\u0259n laz\u0131ml\u0131 ola bil\u0259n) a\u015fiq olma, daha yax\u015f\u0131 ama getdikc\u0259 silin\u0259n \u2013 silindikc\u0259 daha yax\u015f\u0131 olan \u2013 bir \u015feyin ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c f\u0259slidir; m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc v\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131ndak\u0131n\u0131 daha h\u0259qiqi bi\u00e7imd\u0259 tan\u0131y\u0131b t\u0259qdir etm\u0259yin (estetikadan he\u00e7 vaxt g\u00fcz\u0259\u015ft\u0259 getm\u0259y\u0259nl\u0259rin buna ver\u0259c\u0259yi cavab bel\u0259 ola bil\u0259r: Madam bu \u201ch\u0259qiqi\u201ddir onda ba\u015fqa bir \u015fey icad ed\u0259k). Bu t\u0259mkinli hekay\u0259d\u0259 \u201cidealla\u015fd\u0131rman\u0131n\u201d fasil\u0259siz ax\u0131n\u0131 \u2013 ki bu psixoanalizd\u0259 \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259tl\u0259 al\u00e7ald\u0131c\u0131 formada istifad\u0259 edilir v\u0259 h\u0259r zaman zarafata vurular \u2013 iki t\u0259r\u0259f aras\u0131nda gedib g\u0259l\u0259n fasil\u0259li bir ir\u0259lil\u0259m\u0259 il\u0259 \u0259v\u0259zl\u0259n\u0259r. M\u0259yusluq v\u0259 \u0259ng\u0259ll\u0259nmi\u015flik, reall\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0259hat\u0259 ed\u0259n hal\u0259ni formala\u015fd\u0131rar. Ancaq psixoanalizin ortaya \u00e7\u0131xartd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu m\u0259yusluqlar\u0131 yuvas\u0131nda, bu qeyri-m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nlik b\u00f6lg\u0259sind\u0259, insanlar bilgil\u0259rind\u0259n dolay\u0131 ac\u0131 \u00e7\u0259km\u0259zl\u0259r; \u00f6zl\u0259rini v\u0259\/v\u0259 ya ba\u015fqas\u0131n\u0131 yenid\u0259n icad etm\u0259l\u0259rini t\u0259min ed\u0259n o ac\u0131mas\u0131z qabiliyy\u0259ti itirdikl\u0259ri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ac\u0131 \u00e7\u0259k\u0259rl\u0259r. Bu yerd\u0259 art\u0131q \u0259ld\u0259 etdikl\u0259ri h\u0259qiq\u0259t deyildir; yeni versiyalar \u00fcr\u0259tm\u0259\/versiyalara b\u00fcr\u00fcnm\u0259 qabiliyy\u0259tl\u0259rini itirmi\u015fdirl\u0259r.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130nsanlar\u0131 tan\u0131ma\u011f\u0131n \u2013 ya da insanlar haqq\u0131nda \u0259ld\u0259 edil\u0259n m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n bilgil\u0259rin \u2013 erotizmin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda yerl\u0259\u015fdiyi, b\u0259lli tan\u0131ma formalar\u0131n\u0131n arxas\u0131ndak\u0131 \u015f\u00fcursuz m\u0259qs\u0259din arzunu \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u0259k oldu\u011funu n\u0259tic\u0259sininin \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131la bil\u0259c\u0259yi ifad\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 Freud il\u0259 Proust, bir-biril\u0259rini tamamlay\u0131c\u0131 \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 diqq\u0259t yetirmi\u015fdirl\u0259r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 sad\u0259c\u0259 \u0259srar\u0259ngiz olma\u011f\u0131n ya da q\u0131sqancl\u0131\u011f\u0131n arzunu canl\u0131 tutmas\u0131 deyildir; insanlar\u0131 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n bi\u00e7iml\u0259rd\u0259 tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, biz\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 hiss etdikl\u0259ri mara\u011f\u0131 itir\u0259 bil\u0259rik v\u0259 zat\u0259n \u0259sl arzular\u0131 da bu ola bil\u0259r. Dem\u0259li insanlar\u0131n, onlar\u0131 tan\u0131ma\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00f6zl\u0259rini hans\u0131 \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 a\u00e7d\u0131qlar\u0131 \u2013 yaxud \u00f6zl\u0259rini hans\u0131 formada tan\u0131ma\u011f\u0131m\u0131za icaz\u0259 verdikl\u0259ri \u2013 x\u00fcsusunda ay\u0131q olmal\u0131y\u0131q; tan\u0131ma\u011f\u0131n, s\u0259fl\u0259rin olduqca m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdiyi, olduqca ehtiyatl\u0131 v\u0259 idar\u0259li bir sevm\u0259 modeli oldu\u011funu da unutmamal\u0131y\u0131q.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130\u015far\u0259l\u0259ri v\u0259 m\u00f6c\u00fcz\u0259l\u0259ri oxuma x\u00fcsusunda a\u015fiql\u0259r, d\u0259lisov bir epistemoloq kimi m\u0259\u015fhurla\u015fm\u0131\u015fd\u0131rlar v\u0259 bu bax\u0131mdan ancaq paranoyaklar (bir d\u0259 psixoanalistl\u0259r) onlar\u0131 qabaqlaya bil\u0259r. B\u0259s h\u0259d\u0259f, yaxud n\u0259tic\u0259, \u00f6zl\u0259rini ya da ba\u015fqa birini, bir ba\u015fqas\u0131 olaraq \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc tan\u0131ma olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman, a\u015fiq olmaq n\u0259y\u0259 b\u0259nz\u0259y\u0259c\u0259kdir? Bir-birimizi tan\u0131maqla m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olmasaq, bir yer\u0259 g\u0259ldiyimizd\u0259 n\u0259 ed\u0259c\u0259kdik? Bunu ifad\u0259 etm\u0259nin ba\u015fqa bir yolu (cavabland\u0131r\u0131la bil\u0259n) suallar\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ya da bir m\u00fcnasib\u0259t t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcr etm\u0259kdir.<\/p>\n<p>Anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fcz\u0259r\u0259 sevil\u0259n ya da arzu edil\u0259n, bigan\u0259 qala bilm\u0259diyimiz \u015f\u0259xsdir. Ancaq e\u015fq dill\u0259rimiz teoloji v\u0259 epistemolojinin qar\u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011funa g\u00f6r\u0259 dayanmadan qurtarma v\u0259 ayd\u0131nlatma d\u0259rdind\u0259dirl\u0259r. \u201cBirini tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131 nec\u0259 bil\u0259r\u0259m?\u201d sual\u0131, \u201cBirini sevdiyimi ya da arzulad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131 nec\u0259 bil\u0259r\u0259m?\u201d sual\u0131ndan f\u0259rqlidir. El\u0259 insanlar vard\u0131r ki, tan\u0131maq haqq\u0131nda he\u00e7 bir \u015fey e\u015fitm\u0259s\u0259ydil\u0259r, \u0259sla tan\u0131ma\u011fa s\u0259y g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259zdil\u0259r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>M\u00fc\u0259llif: Adam Phillips<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>T\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259: Da\u015fd\u0259mir Mahmandarov<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>El\u0259 insanlar var ki, e\u015fq haqq\u0131nda he\u00e7 bir \u015fey e\u015fitm\u0259s\u0259ydil\u0259r, \u0259sla a\u015fiq olmazd\u0131lar. La Rochefoucauld Seks&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1886,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[31,29,27,10,45],"tags":[46,47,51,48,49,52,50],"class_list":["post-682","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-antropologiya","category-edebiyyat","category-felsefe","category-psixologiya","category-tercume","tag-adam-phillips","tag-esq","tag-freud","tag-lacan","tag-platon","tag-proust","tag-psixanaliz"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cogito.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/682","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cogito.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cogito.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cogito.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cogito.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=682"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/cogito.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/682\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1905,"href":"https:\/\/cogito.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/682\/revisions\/1905"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cogito.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1886"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cogito.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=682"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cogito.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=682"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cogito.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=682"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}