{"id":681,"date":"2026-04-08T19:43:03","date_gmt":"2026-04-08T19:43:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/soledad.pencidesign.net\/soledad-time-magazine\/the-trump-administration-just-did-something-unambiguously-good-for-obamacare-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c\/"},"modified":"2026-04-08T20:12:38","modified_gmt":"2026-04-08T20:12:38","slug":"cagdassanat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cogito.az\/index.php\/2026\/04\/08\/cagdassanat\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00c7a\u011fda\u015f S\u0259n\u0259t Haqq\u0131nda On Be\u015f Tezis | Alain Badiou"},"content":{"rendered":"<ol>\n<li>S\u0259n\u0259t, sonsuzun, b\u0259d\u0259n il\u0259 cins\u0259lliyin sonlu s\u0259filliyin\u0259 \u00fclvi n\u00fczulu [<em>sublime descent<\/em>] deyildir. \u018fksin\u0259, s\u0259n\u0259t maddi bir \u00e7\u0131xarma \u0259m\u0259liyyat\u0131n\u0131n sonlu vasit\u0259l\u0259ril\u0259, sonsuz bir subyektiv indeksin \u00fcr\u0259tilm\u0259sidir.<br \/><em>Bu g\u00fcn ziddiyy\u0259t, yeni formlara duyulan arzunun sonsuzlu\u011fu il\u0259, b\u0259d\u0259nin, cins\u0259lliyin v\u0259 sair sonlulu\u011fu aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. Yeni s\u0259n\u0259t, bu ziddiyy\u0259tin terminl\u0259rini d\u0259yi\u015fdirm\u0259lidir: Sonsuzluq t\u0259r\u0259fin\u0259 yeni bir m\u0259zmun, yeni bir i\u015f\u0131q, d\u00fcnyaya yeni bir bax\u0131\u015f qoymal\u0131; sonluluq t\u0259r\u0259fin\u0259 is\u0259 vasit\u0259l\u0259rin v\u0259 aforizmala\u015fd\u0131rman\u0131n konkretliyini qoymal\u0131d\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131 il\u0259 ilk m\u00fcdd\u0259a ziddiyy\u0259tin bir n\u00f6v t\u0259rsin\u0259 \u00e7evrilm\u0259sidir.<br \/>\u201c\u00c7\u0131xarma\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn iki m\u0259nas\u0131 var. Birincisi, formal yenilik obsessiyas\u0131ndan xilas olmaqd\u0131r. [&#8230;] Yenilik obsessiyas\u0131 kapitalizm \u0259leyhin\u0259 bir t\u0259nqidi bir t\u00f6vr deyildir, \u00e7\u00fcnki kapitalizmin \u00f6z\u00fc yenilik saplant\u0131s\u0131 v\u0259 formlar\u0131n davaml\u0131 yenil\u0259nm\u0259sidir. [&#8230;] \u0130kinci m\u0259na, sonluluq saplant\u0131s\u0131ndan, z\u00fclm, b\u0259d\u0259n, ac\u0131, cins\u0259llik v\u0259 \u00f6l\u00fcm saplant\u0131s\u0131ndan qurtulmaqd\u0131r; \u00e7\u00fcnki bu, xo\u015fb\u0259xtlik ideolojisinin t\u0259rsin\u0259 \u00e7evrilm\u0259sind\u0259n ba\u015fqa bir \u015fey deyildir. Bu g\u00fcn d\u00fcnyam\u0131z\u0131 bir xo\u015fb\u0259xtlik ideolojisi b\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fcb. [&#8230;] S\u0259n\u0259t d\u0259 bunu t\u0259rs\u0259 \u00e7evirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ac\u0131ya, b\u0259d\u0259n\u0259, cins\u0259lliy\u0259 fokuslan\u0131r. [&#8230;] Ancaq s\u0259n\u0259tin m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259si h\u0259r zaman \u00f6l\u00fcm olmamal\u0131d\u0131r, ya\u015fam da onun m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259sidir. Bu m\u00fcdd\u0259a ilk tezisin m\u0259naland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r: Bi\u00e7ims\u0259l yenilik, z\u00fclm, \u00f6l\u00fcm, b\u0259d\u0259n v\u0259 cins\u0259llik saplant\u0131s\u0131 olmayan bir s\u0259n\u0259ts\u0259l yaratman\u0131n izin\u0259 d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259liyik.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>S\u0259n\u0259t, etnik ya da \u015f\u0259xsi hans\u0131sa bir \u00f6z\u0259lliyin ifad\u0259si ola bilm\u0259z. S\u0259n\u0259t, h\u0259r k\u0259s\u0259 xitab ed\u0259n qeyri-m\u00fc\u015f\u0259xx\u0259s bir h\u0259qiq\u0259tin \u00fcr\u0259tilm\u0259sidir.<br \/><em>Buradak\u0131 \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli sual, \u00fcmumb\u0259\u015f\u0259rilik: S\u0259n\u0259ts\u0259l yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131qda \u00fcmumb\u0259\u015f\u0259rlik varm\u0131, yoxmu? \u00c7\u00fcnki d\u00f6vr\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn \u0259n \u00f6n\u0259mli m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259si qloballa\u015fmad\u0131r, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n birliyidir. Qloballa\u015fma biz\u0259 m\u00fcc\u0259rr\u0259d bir \u00fcmumb\u0259\u015f\u0259rilik t\u0259qdim edir. Pulun, \u0259laq\u0259nin, iqtidar\u0131n \u00fcmumb\u0259\u015f\u0259riliyi. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn \u00fcmumb\u0259\u015f\u0259rliyi budur. B\u0259s pulun v\u0259 iqtidar\u0131n \u00fcmumb\u0259\u015f\u0259riliyin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131, s\u0259n\u0259tin m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259si n\u0259dir, s\u0259n\u0259ts\u0259l yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n i\u015fl\u0259vi n\u0259dir? [&#8230;] M\u0259nim m\u00f6vqeyim bel\u0259dir: Bu g\u00fcn s\u0259n\u0259ts\u0259l yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131q yeni bir \u00fcmumb\u0259\u015f\u0259rilik t\u0259klif etm\u0259lidir, sad\u0259c\u0259 m\u0259ni ya da camaat\u0131 ifad\u0259 etm\u0259m\u0259li, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131a yeni bir n\u00f6v \u00fcmumb\u0259\u015f\u0259rilik t\u0259qdim etm\u0259lidir. M\u0259n buna \u201ch\u0259qiq\u0259t\u201d deyir\u0259m.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>S\u0259n\u0259t bir h\u0259qiq\u0259t \u00fcsuludur v\u0259 bu h\u0259qiq\u0259t, h\u0259r zaman, hiss edil\u0259 bil\u0259r olan olaraq hiss edil\u0259 bil\u0259n olan\u0131n h\u0259qiq\u0259tidir; y\u0259ni hiss edil\u0259 bil\u0259n olan\u0131n, bir \u0130dea`n\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u0259sidir.<br \/><em>Bu s\u0259n\u0259tin \u00fcmumb\u0259\u015f\u0259riliyinin t\u0259rifidir. S\u0259n\u0259ts\u0259l h\u0259qiq\u0259t n\u0259dir? s\u0259n\u0259ts\u0259l h\u0259qiq\u0259t, elmi v\u0259 ya siyasi vs, h\u0259qiq\u0259td\u0259n ba\u015fqa bir \u015feydir. T\u0259rif\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 s\u0259n\u0259ts\u0259l h\u0259qiq\u0259t, daima, hiss edil\u0259 bil\u0259nl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 bir h\u0259qiq\u0259tdir [&#8230;] S\u0259n\u0259t bu g\u00fcn g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrs\u0259, bunun s\u0259b\u0259bi, qloballa\u015fman\u0131n bizi yeni bir n\u00f6v \u00fcmumb\u0259\u015f\u0259rilik yaratma\u011fa m\u0259cbur etm\u0259sidir, bu da h\u0259r zaman yeni bir h\u0259ssasl\u0131q v\u0259 d\u00fcnya il\u0259 yeni bir duy\u011fusal m\u00fcnasib\u0259tdir. Bu g\u00fcn basq\u0131, m\u00fcc\u0259rr\u0259d \u00fcmumb\u0259\u015f\u0259riliyin basq\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r [&#8230;] Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 bu g\u00fcn s\u0259n\u0259ts\u0259l yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131q, insan azadl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bir hiss\u0259sidir [&#8230;] S\u0259n\u0259t, qloballa\u015fma deyil\u0259n m\u00fcc\u0259rr\u0259d \u00fcmumb\u0259\u015f\u0259rilik qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda yeni bir \u015fey yaratma y\u00f6n\u00fcnd\u0259ki h\u0259qiqi imkand\u0131r.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>S\u0259n\u0259td\u0259 \u00e7o\u011fullu\u011fun varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 lab\u00fcdd\u00fcr v\u0259 s\u0259n\u0259tl\u0259r aras\u0131nda n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r k\u0259si\u015fm\u0259 t\u0259x\u0259yy\u00fcl ediirks\u0259 ed\u0259k, bu \u00e7o\u011fullu\u011fubir b\u00fct\u00f6vd\u0259 c\u0259ml\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259k t\u0259x\u0259yy\u00fcl edil\u0259 bilm\u0259z.<br \/><em>Bu tezis, b\u00fct\u00f6vl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259 x\u0259yal\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r. Bu g\u00fcn b\u0259zi s\u0259n\u0259t\u00e7il\u0259r, b\u00fct\u00fcn s\u0259n\u0259t formalar\u0131n\u0131 birl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259 imkan\u0131 oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u0259r \u2013 bu, m\u00fctl\u0259q bir \u00e7oxlu m\u00fchit x\u0259yal\u0131d\u0131r. Amma bu yeni bir fikir deyildir. Bildiyiniz kimi, r\u0259sm, musiqi, \u015fer vs, b\u00fct\u00fcn s\u0259n\u0259tl\u0259ri bir yerd\u0259 c\u0259ml\u0259\u015fdir\u0259n \u201ctopyekun s\u0259n\u0259t \u0259s\u0259ri\u201d fikri Richard Wagner`\u0259 aiddir. [&#8230;] M\u0259nc\u0259 \u00e7oxlu m\u00fchit s\u0259hv bir fikirdir, \u00e7\u00fcnki m\u00fctl\u0259q c\u0259ml\u0259\u015fm\u0259 g\u00fcc\u00fc il\u0259 qloballa\u015fma x\u0259yal\u0131n\u0131n bir n\u00f6v s\u0259n\u0259t\u0259 yans\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. [&#8230;]<\/em><\/li>\n<li>H\u0259r s\u0259n\u0259t qar\u0131\u015f\u0131q [<em>impure<\/em>] bir formadan t\u00f6r\u0259y\u0259r; bu qar\u0131\u015f\u0131q forman\u0131n safla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 [<em>purification<\/em>], h\u0259m bir s\u0259n\u0259ts\u0259l h\u0259qiq\u0259t tarixini, h\u0259m d\u0259 o h\u0259qiq\u0259tin solmas\u0131n\u0131n tarixini olu\u015fdurur. <br \/><em>Buradak\u0131 sual budur: Yeni bi\u00e7iml\u0259rin yarad\u0131lmas\u0131 tam olaraq n\u0259dir? [&#8230;] Yeni bi\u00e7iml\u0259rin tamamil\u0259 saf yarad\u0131lmas\u0131 \u0259sla m\u00fcmk\u00fcn deyildir. M\u0259nc\u0259 \u0259n yeni formalar\u0131n saf yarad\u0131lmas\u0131 da, b\u00fct\u00f6vl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259\/c\u0259ml\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259 kimi, bir x\u0259yald\u0131r. H\u0259r zaman, tam olaraq forma olamayan bir \u015feyin forma d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u0259sind\u0259n s\u00f6hb\u0259t gedir. [&#8230;] Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, saf yaratmadak\u0131 saf qopu\u015fdan daha \u00e7ox, safla\u015fd\u0131rma sekanslar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Be\u015finci v\u0259 s\u0259kkizinci tezisl\u0259r bunu izah edir.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Bir s\u0259n\u0259ts\u0259l h\u0259qiq\u0259tin subyektl\u0259ri, onun kompozisiyas\u0131ndak\u0131 \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rdir.<\/li>\n<li>Bu kompozisiya sonsuz bir konfiqurasiyad\u0131r, ancaq zaman\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n s\u0259n\u0259ts\u0259l ba\u011flam\u0131 i\u00e7ind\u0259 t\u00fcr\u0259vi b\u00fct\u00f6vl\u00fck [<em>totalite generique<\/em>] yaratmaqdad\u0131r.<br \/><em>S\u0259n\u0259tin \u00f6zn\u0259si n\u0259dir? Bu h\u0259m \u00e7ox \u00f6n\u0259mli, h\u0259m d\u0259 \u00e7ox q\u0259dim bir m\u00fczakir\u0259dir. [&#8230;] S\u0259n\u0259tin \u00f6zn\u0259si s\u0259n\u0259t\u00e7i deyildir. [&#8230;] \u201cS\u0259n\u0259t\u00e7i\u201d s\u0259n\u0259t \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn lab\u00fcdd\u00fcr, ancaq \u00f6zn\u0259l bir m\u0259cburiyy\u0259t deyildir. [&#8230;] S\u0259n\u0259tin \u00f6zn\u0259l var olu\u015fu s\u0259n\u0259t \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259n ba\u015fqa bir \u015fey deyildir [&#8230;] S\u0259n\u0259t\u00e7i s\u0259n\u0259tin \u00f6zn\u0259l faili deyildir. S\u0259n\u0259t\u00e7i eyni zamanda, sonunda s\u0259n\u0259td\u0259 it\u0259n \u015feydir. V\u0259 s\u0259n\u0259t etikas\u0131, bu yoxolman\u0131 q\u0259bul etm\u0259kdir.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>S\u0259n\u0259tin ger\u00e7\u0259yi, i\u00e7kin safla\u015fd\u0131rma s\u00fcr\u0259ci olaraq fikri qarma\u015f\u0131ql\u0131d\u0131r. Ba\u015fqa s\u00f6zl\u0259, s\u0259n\u0259tin xammadd\u0259si, bir bi\u00e7imin \u015f\u0259rti olaraq ortaya \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f\u0131 il\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdirilir. S\u0259n\u0259t, formas\u0131z olaraq ortaya \u00e7\u0131xan bir formun ikinci d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259li formala\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>\u00c7a\u011fda\u015f s\u0259n\u0259tin yegan\u0259 d\u00fcsturu imperial olmamaqd\u0131r, ki bu da eyni zamanda demokratik olmamaq m\u0259nas\u0131na da g\u0259lir \u2013 demokratik sif\u0259tinin, imperial siyasi azadl\u0131q fikrin\u0259 uymaya i\u015far\u0259 etm\u0259si \u015f\u0259rtil\u0259.<\/li>\n<li>\u0130mperial olmayan bir s\u0259n\u0259t ist\u0259r ist\u0259m\u0259z m\u00fcc\u0259rr\u0259d bir s\u0259n\u0259t olacaqd\u0131r: H\u0259r c\u00fcr \u00f6z\u0259llikd\u0259n t\u0259crid olunmas\u0131 v\u0259 bu t\u0259crid etm\u0259 h\u0259ml\u0259sini formala\u015fd\u0131rmas\u0131 m\u0259nas\u0131nda.<\/li>\n<li>\u0130mperial olmayan s\u0259n\u0259tin t\u0259crid edilm\u0259si, m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n bir tama\u015fa\u00e7\u0131 k\u00fctl\u0259sini n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 almaq. \u0130mperial olmayan s\u0259n\u0259t, proletar bir aristokratizm\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r: \u0130nsanlar aras\u0131nda f\u0259rq qoymadaq n\u0259 deyirs\u0259 onu ed\u0259r.<br \/><em>\u0130mperial s\u0259n\u0259t, bu g\u00fcn g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259n s\u0259n\u0259tin ad\u0131d\u0131r. [&#8230;] Ortada bir imperatorluq oldu\u011fu zaman iki ilk\u0259miz vard\u0131r. Birincisi, h\u0259r \u015feyin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmas\u0131d\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnki b\u00f6y\u00fck bir q\u00fcdr\u0259timiz var, d\u00fcnya birdir. O zaman h\u0259r \u015fey m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr dey\u0259 bil\u0259rik. Yeni bi\u00e7iml\u0259r yarada bil\u0259rik, h\u0259r \u015fey haqq\u0131nda dan\u0131\u015fa bil\u0259rik, n\u0259yin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn, n\u0259yin imkans\u0131z olmas\u0131 x\u00fcsusunda konkret qanunlar yoxdur, buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 h\u0259r \u015fey m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Ancaq bir ilk\u0259miz d\u0259 vard\u0131r: He\u00e7 bir \u015fey m\u00fcmk\u00fcn deyildir. \u00c7\u00fcnki imperatorluq yegan\u0259 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn var olu\u015f, yegan\u0259 siyasi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funa g\u00f6r\u0259, ba\u015fqa bir \u015fey imkans\u0131zd\u0131r. [&#8230;] Dem\u0259li, h\u0259r \u015feyin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu do\u011fru deyildir, m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan \u015feyl\u0259r vard\u0131r, v\u0259 siz bu m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan \u015feyin olma ehtimal\u0131n\u0131 yaratmaq m\u0259cburiyy\u0259tind\u0259siniz. S\u0259n\u0259ts\u0259l yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u0259n \u00f6n\u0259mli m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259si budur. [&#8230;] T\u0259dav\u00fcl, \u0259laq\u0259, bazar vs, f\u0259aliyy\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259 h\u0259r zaman imkanlar h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilir, imkanlar\u0131n sonsuzca ger\u00e7\u0259kl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259sind\u0259n s\u00f6hb\u0259t gedir. Lakin bu imkanlar yarad\u0131lm\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu eyni zamanda siyasi bir m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259dir, \u00e7\u00fcnki siyas\u0259t yeni bir imkan\u0131n yarad\u0131lmas\u0131 dem\u0259kdir. Yeni bir ya\u015fam imkan\u0131, yeni bir d\u00fcnya imkan\u0131. [&#8230;] Qloballa\u015fma, yeni bir imkan yaratman\u0131n imkans\u0131z oldu\u011fu inanc\u0131n\u0131 b\u0259rkidir. Kommunizmin sonu, inqilabi siyas\u0259tin sonu, b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlarla ba\u011fl\u0131 \u0259sas yorum budur: Yeni bir imkan yaratmaq imkans\u0131zd\u0131r. Burada bir imkan\u0131 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irm\u0259kd\u0259n dan\u0131\u015fm\u0131r\u0131q, yeni bir imkan yaratmaqdan b\u0259hs edirik.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>\u0130mperial olmayan s\u0259n\u0259t, riyazi bir giri\u015f kimi sa\u011flam, bir gec\u0259 basq\u0131n\u0131 q\u0259d\u0259r heyr\u0259tamiz, bir ulduz q\u0259d\u0259r ucald\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/><em>Bu, poetik bir tezisdir. S\u0259n\u0259ts\u0259l yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nedicisi [&#8230;] Niy\u0259 giri\u015f? \u00c7\u00fcnki s\u0259n\u0259ts\u0259l yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131q m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259si n\u0259tic\u0259 etibaril\u0259 eyni zamanda bir n\u00f6v \u0259z\u0259liyy\u0259t ehtiva ed\u0259n, saf \u0259laq\u0259 v\u0259 t\u0259dav\u00fcld\u0259 olmayan, formalar\u0131n davaml\u0131 d\u0259yi\u015fimi i\u00e7ind\u0259 olamayn bir \u015feyl\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259lidir. Dir\u0259n\u0259n bir \u015feydir, bir n\u00f6v istiqrara, sa\u011flaml\u0131\u011fa sahibdir. M\u0259ntiqi tutarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 b\u00fct\u00f6vl\u00fcy\u00fc olan, m\u0259ntiqi bir t\u0259nlik kimi. [&#8230;] \u0130kinci t\u0259rif, heyr\u0259tamizdir: Yeni bir imkan\u0131n yarad\u0131lmas\u0131, yeni bir imkan da h\u0259r zaman heyr\u0259tamiz bir \u015feydir. [&#8230;] Bir ulduz q\u0259d\u0259r ucalm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnki yeni bir imkan yeni bir ulduz kimidir. Yeni bir planet, yeni bir d\u00fcnyad\u0131r. D\u00fcnya il\u0259 qurulan yeni bir hissi m\u00fcnasib\u0259t kimi.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Bu g\u00fcn s\u0259n\u0259t, sad\u0259c\u0259 \u0130mperatorlu\u011fun n\u0259zdind\u0259 var olmayan bir \u015feyi h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t n\u00f6qt\u0259si g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u0259r\u0259k \u00fcr\u0259til\u0259 bil\u0259r. S\u0259n\u0259t, bu var olmama\u011f\u0131 m\u00fcc\u0259rr\u0259dl\u0259\u015fdir\u0259r\u0259k g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259 bil\u0259r. B\u00fct\u00fcn s\u0259n\u0259tl\u0259rin forma prinsipini formala\u015fd\u0131ran da budur: \u0130mperatorluq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u2013 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, ba\u015fqa bir bax\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan he\u00e7 kims\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u2013 var olmayan bir \u015feyi h\u0259r k\u0259s \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr q\u0131lma qabiliyy\u0259ti.<\/li>\n<li>\u0130mperatorluq, ticari t\u0259dav\u00fcl qanunlar\u0131 v\u0259 demokratik \u0259laq\u0259 yasalar\u0131 vasit\u0259sil\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259n v\u0259 e\u015fidil\u0259n h\u0259r \u015fey\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259t etdiyin\u0259 o q\u0259d\u0259r \u0259mindir ki, art\u0131q senzuraya ehtiyac duymaz. Bu sonsuz icaz\u0259d\u0259n faydalanma\u011fa raz\u0131 olsaq, s\u0259n\u0259t v\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259 ad\u0131na n\u0259 varsa ham\u0131s\u0131ndan imtina etmi\u015fik dem\u0259kdir. \u00d6z-\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn insafs\u0131z senzura\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 olmal\u0131y\u0131q.<\/li>\n<li>\u0130mperatorlu\u011fun n\u0259zdind\u0259 varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 zat\u0259n t\u0259sdiql\u0259n\u0259n \u015feyi a\u015fkara \u00e7\u0131xaran formalar yaratmaqdansa, he\u00e7 bir \u015fey etm\u0259m\u0259k daha yax\u015f\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/><em>Bu g\u00fcn \u00fcz-\u00fcz\u0259 qald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u0259n \u00f6n\u0259mli problem s\u0259n\u0259t il\u0259 insanl\u0131q aras\u0131ndak\u0131 \u0259laq\u0259dir. Daha do\u011frusu, s\u0259n\u0259ts\u0259l yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131q il\u0259 azadl\u0131q aras\u0131ndak\u0131 \u0259laq\u0259. [&#8230;] Bu g\u00fcn azadl\u0131\u011f\u0131n imperial bir t\u0259rifi vardlr, bu da bildiyimiz demokratik t\u0259rifdir. [&#8230;] M\u0259nim d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259m\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 s\u0259n\u0259ts\u0259l yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131q, azadl\u0131\u011f\u0131n demokratik t\u0259rifinin f\u00f6vq\u00fcnd\u0259 yeni bir azadl\u0131q t\u0259rifi yaratmaqd\u0131r. [&#8230;] Bu g\u00fcn m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 m\u0259nc\u0259 s\u0259n\u0259td\u0259 azadl\u0131q il\u0259 diktatorlu\u011fu, azadl\u0131q il\u0259 t\u0259zyiqi m\u00fczakir\u0259 etm\u0259k deyil, m\u0259hz azadl\u0131\u011f\u0131n bu iki t\u0259rifini m\u00fczakir\u0259 etm\u0259kdir.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>T\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259: Da\u015fd\u0259mir Mahmandarov<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>S\u0259n\u0259t, sonsuzun, b\u0259d\u0259n il\u0259 cins\u0259lliyin sonlu s\u0259filliyin\u0259 \u00fclvi n\u00fczulu [sublime descent] deyildir. \u018fksin\u0259, s\u0259n\u0259t maddi bir&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1949,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1,29,27,40,6],"tags":[11,12,13],"class_list":["post-681","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-diger","category-edebiyyat","category-felsefe","category-sanat","category-sosiologiya","tag-magazine","tag-soledad","tag-time"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cogito.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/681","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cogito.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cogito.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cogito.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cogito.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=681"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/cogito.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/681\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1958,"href":"https:\/\/cogito.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/681\/revisions\/1958"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cogito.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1949"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cogito.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=681"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cogito.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=681"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cogito.az\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=681"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}